Geopolitical analysis of the Durand Line border dispute at the national scale, with an emphasis on its geo-economic, geo-strategic, and geo-cultural implications. 

The Durand border region between Afghanistan and Pakistan has been a geopolitical node with geoeconomic, geostrategic, and geocultural consequences in South Asia and Central Asia for more than a century due to an imposed border. Afghanistan, emphasizing historical and cultural reasons for the subjection of Pashtun-populated areas, and Pakistan, focusing on legal reasons and for ethno-political control, present two opposing narratives that have caused continuous tension between the two countries. In addition to its security importance, the Durand border region plays a vital role in the regional balance of power as a center of transit networks and energy projects and cultural ties of the Pashtuns. The research is of a descriptive-analytical type that was conducted using library and documentary sources and with a qualitative approach based on the analysis of documentary content and geopolitical discourse. Its aim is to explain the geopolitical dimensions of the Afghanistan-Pakistan dispute over the Durand border line and the geopolitical consequences arising from it. The research findings show that instability in Durand, from local to regional levels, has intertwined effects on transit routes, security policies, and cultural and ideological discourse. Despite the focus of the research on the national level, the role of some regional and trans-regional actors in the geopolitical context surrounding the Durand border region can be outlined in a limited and indirect manner. The Durand border conflict, with its geopolitical nature, has created geoeconomic and geocultural consequences that shape the geostrategic framework of the region.