Modeling smart city policy in national and urban dimensions based on cyberspace patterns

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
1 Assistant Professor of Political Geography, Tarbiat Modares University
2 Full Professor of Political Geography, Tarbiat Modares University
3 Department of Political Geography, Tarbiat Modares University
Abstract
In the space of smart cities, many previous patterns of citizens' lives have undergone fundamental changes.

The purpose of this study is to explain the patterns of policy in national and local dimensions (city) in these cities and provide the best policy model in all dimensions for smart cities. In order to answer the question, what is the appropriate policy model for smart cities in national and local dimensions ? Using descriptive-analytical method, this research has identified policy models in smart cities based on cyberspace policy models in national (country governance) and local (city) dimensions. In the national dimension, three models (free, participatory and control) and in the local dimension, one model (web-based) have been identified and the advantages and disadvantages of each have been mentioned.

Also, considering that the smart city is based on the geographical space of current cities, a combined model in the national and urban dimension can be the best model for policy-making in and around these cities. The hybrid policy model describes the sum of the structural linkage processes between the physical space of the city and the intelligent space resulting from the use of new technologies, especially cyberspace. In this sense, the links and relations that are established between these two spaces at the national and local levels require political actors to adopt a mixed policy model

Keywords

Subjects


1- Ahmadipour, Zahra, Ghaderi Hajat, Mostafa, 2016, Political organization of urban space, Samat Publications, Tehran
2) Badiee Az Nadahi, Marjan, Vasegh, Mahmoud, Malek Mohammadi, Hamidreza, Alam, Reyhaneh (1398) Quarterly Journal of Space Political Planning, Volume 1, Number 3, 179-188, Tarbiat Modares University Press, Tehran.
3- Janparvar, Mohsen, Ghorbani Sepehr, Arash, 2017, Urban Geopolitics, Iran Geopolitical Association Publications, Tehran.
4- Hafeznia, Mohammad Reza, (2014), Local Government Leveling Theory, Tehran, textbook.
5-Hafeznia, Mohammad Reza. (2015) Political Geography of Cyberspace, Tehran, Samat Publications
6- Haftinia, Mohammad Reza, Kaviani Rad, Morad, 2016, Philosophy of Political Geography, Research Institute for Strategic Studies Publications, Tehran.
7- Hafeznia, Mohammad Reza, 1400, Principles of the humanistic geopolitical school, a new look and a new way to the political and moral life of human beings and human structures.
8- Hosseini, Narjes Sadat, Abbas, Seyed (1398) Urban governance in line with the performance of local organizations by examining different models in the world, Quarterly Journal of Space Planning Volume 2, Number 1, 11-21, Tarbiat Modares University Press, Tehran.
9- Khamenei, Seyed Mohammad, 1397, Philosophy in the face of cyberspace, Proceedings of the conference of Hakim Mulla Sadra, Sadra Islamic Wisdom Foundation Publications, Tehran
10- Rabbani, Taha, Rokanuddin Eftekhari, Abdolreza, Shekini, Abolfazl, Rafieian, Mojtaba (2015), Analysis of Barriers to Future Institutions of Sustainable Development Governance in Tehran Metropolitan Tarbiat Modares Tehran.
11- Roustaei, Shahrivar, Pourmohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Ghanbari, Hakimeh, (2017), The theory of smart city and evaluation of its infrastructure components in urban management, identified: Tabriz Municipality, Tehran, Quarterly Journal of Geography and Urban Planning, No. 26.
12- Ameli, Seyed Saeed Reza, (2016), e-Government Policy Making, Tehran, Amirkabir Publications.
13- Ameli Seyed Saeed Reza, (1397), The model of dual space governance, Tehran, Amirkabir Publications.
14- Ameli, Saeed Reza, (2005) The spatialization of the city, the virtual city is a fundamental necessity for the metropolises of Iran, Tehran, Quarterly Journal of Cultural Studies and Communication.
15-Fekouhi, Nasser, 2006, Urban Anthropology, Ney Publishing House, Tehran
16- Ghaderi Hajat, Mostafa, Mokhtari Hashti, Hossein, (2017) Space Justice in Iran and Political-Space Organization in Tehran, Quarterly Journal of Political Planning, 2017 Volume 1, Number 1, 31-38, Tarbiat Modares University Press, Tehran.
17-Nayarfpramood Kay, (2015), An Introduction to New Media and Virtual Culture, Translated by Amel, Saeed Reza and Mirzaei, Goodarz Publishing, Radio and Television Research Center, Tehran
18-Norman, Kent L., 2012, Cyber Psychology, Human-Computer Interaction, Translation, Vahdatnia, Fatemeh, Asim Publications, Tehran
19- Steele, jane, (1998), Information and citizenship in Europe, In Brian D.Loader, Cyberspace divide: epuality, agency, and policy in the informarion society, Routledge.
20- Venturelli, Shalini, (2001), Inventiong E-Regulation in the US, EU and East Asia: Conflicting Social Visions of the Internet & the Information Society, 29th Research Conference on Information, Communication & Internet Policy, Alexandria, Vrginia.
21- Hunt, Richard Reid, (2014), Moving Beyond Regulatory Mechanisms: A Typology of Internet Control Regimes, Dissertations and Theses, Portland State Uniersity PDXScholar.
22- Vijaykumar, N., (2012), Role of ICT E-Governance: Impact of Cloud Computing in driving new initiatives, SETLabs Briefings, 9(2).
23- Nath, V., (2002). Digital Governance Models: moving towards good governance in developing countries, E-Commerce, 2(4): 12-29.
24- Kumar, M. & Sinha, O.P., (2007). M-Government – Mobile Technology for e-Government, In International conference on e-government, India.
25- Howard, M., (2001). E-government across the globe: How will ā€œe’’ change government? Government Finance Review: 17(4): 6-9.