Space Justice in Iran and the Political Organization of Space in Tehran

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
M. Ghaderihajat 1
H. Mokhtari Hashi 2
1 Political Geography Department, Humanities Faculty
2 Geography and Rural Planning Department, Humanities Faculty.
Abstract
Abstract

Introduction: Nowadays, Tehran is the most important challenge of political management of space in Iran due to the accumulation of problems in natural and human dimensions. The most important dimensions of this challenge are population density and the lack of coordinated management to overcome this problem and its consequences. Since one cannot consider Tehran separated from far and near hinterland, the first issue is the lack of spatial/geographical justice in these hinterlands. Tehran's problems can be analyzed in three levels: physical-residential, regional, and national. This descriptive-analytical research was carried out based on library resources with the aim of analyzing spatial justice in Iran and organizing political space in Tehran.

Conclusion: The lack of spatial planning and sustainable development approach on the national, regional, and local scale in the Iranian planning system has, above all, resulted in intense centralization, institutionalized, and has led to the formation of the center of the periphery pattern in the country. The performance of development programs, before and after the revolution, has led to the imbalance of the governing pattern of the spatial structure of the country. Also, the spatial/geographical injustice in the country and consequently in Tehran province, as well as the lack of integrated management in Tehran's urban management have caused Tehran's current problems. In order to solve the problems of Tehran and its optimal administration, it should be planned based on the available resources with the fair spatial planning approach to space and in the framework of the spatial planning strategy, using the space justice in three short, medium, and long periods, in order to provide the optimal administration of Tehran.

Keywords

Subjects

1- Tabrizi J. What is the organization of Tehran?. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Decentralization and Capitalization; 2015 Feb 23-24; Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University, Center of Excellence in Political Geography; 2015. pp. 85-97. [Persian]
2- Soja E. The city and spatial justice [Internet]. justice spatial/spatial justice; 2008 [cited 2012 Dec]. Available From: https://www.jssj.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/JSSJ1-1en4.pdf.
3- Liao ChH, Chang HSh, Ko-Wan T. Explore the spatial equity of urban public facility allocation based on sustainable development [Internet]. Real Corp; 1996 [updated 2009 Apr; cited 2009 Apr]. Available from: http://www.corp.at/archive/CORP2009_48.pdf.
4- Ahmadi SA. Scientific opinions of Dr. Mohammad Reza Hafeznia. Mashhad: Papoli; 2016. [Persian]
5- Tsou KW, Yu-Ting H, Yao-Lin Ch. An accessibility-based integrated measure of relative spatial equity in urban public facilities. Cities. 2005;22(6):424–35.
6- Javan J, Abdollahi A. Spatial justice in urban dual spaces (geopolitical explanation of inequality patterns in the margin of Mashhad). Geopolitics. 2008;4(2):131-56. [Persian]
7- Poulad-Dezh M. Industrial location and project efficiency. Tehran: Bonyad Press; 1997. [Persian]
8- Sarvar R. Applied geography & land use planning. Tehran: Samt; 2009. [Persian]
9- Alden RMJ. Regional planning: A comprehensive view. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated; 1974.
10- Razavian MT. Urban landuse planning. Tehran: Munshi; 2002. [Persian]
11- Dufaux F, Geravis-Lambony Ph, Lehman-Frisch S, Moreau S. Birth announcement [Internet]. justice spatial/spatial justice; 2009 [updated 2009 Sep; Cited 2012 Apr]. Available From: https://www.jssj.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/JSSJ1-0en2.pdf.
12- PoorMousavi SM, Mirzadeh Kooheshani M, Rahnama Ghare Khanbegloo J. Political organization of the cultural space and functional regions of Iran. Geopolitics. 2008;4(3):75-101. [Persian]
https://goo.gl/eKWAJR
13- AhmadyPoor Z, Ghanbari Gh, Karami Gh. The political organization of space. Tehran: National Geography Organization of Iran; 2012. [Persian]
14- Yasoori M, HatamiNejad H, Asadzadeh H. Analysis of the causes and circumstances of Tehran centralization in the past three decades. Hum Geogr Res Q. 2012;44(3):111-26. [Persian]
15- Ghaderi Hajat M. Designing a model for spatial justice in countries, case study: Iran [Dissertation]. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University; 2014. [Persian]
16- Hossein-Zadeh J, Farhadi A. Report of the provinces of the country from the perspective of regional accounts in 2011 with an emphasis on the 15 sections. Stat J. 2015;2(5):21-7. [Persian]
17- Ahmadi H, Esmaeilzadeh Y. Evaluation of development rate in Tehran province. J Stud Hum Settlements Plan. 2014;9(27):75-95. [Persian]
18- Hossein-Poor SA. Analysis of barriers to creating integrated urban management with an emphasis on the role of governmental institutions, case study: Tehran [Dissertation]. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University; 2011. [Persian]
19- Nazariyan A. Managerial analysis of Tehran city. Hum Geogr Res Q. 2012;44(3):111-26. [Persian]
Links
1- https://goo.gl/xpgaw9
2- https://www.jssj.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/JSSJ1-1en4.pdf
3- http://www.corp.at/archive/CORP2009_48.pdf
4- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=4265027&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
5- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264275105000752
6- https://goo.gl/WgK61Y
7- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=564529&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
8- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=2085192&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
9- https://books.google.com/books?id=MpawAAAAIAAJ&q=Regional+Planning,+A.+Comprehensive+View&dq=Regional+Planning,+A.+Comprehensive+View&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi225vksI7ZAhXDlCwKHfHqDXwQ6AEIJzAA
10- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=662214&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
11- https://www.jssj.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/JSSJ1-0en2.pdf
12- https://goo.gl/eKWAJR
13- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=2277611&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
14- https://jhgr.ut.ac.ir/article_51255.html
15- https://ganj-old.irandoc.ac.ir/articles/788124
16- http://amar.srtc.ac.ir/article-1-62-en.html
17- http://jshsp.iaurasht.ac.ir/article_519018.html
18- https://ganj-old.irandoc.ac.ir/articles/537562
19- https://jhgr.ut.ac.ir/article_24983.html
Political Organizing of Space
Volume 1, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
December 2018
Pages 31-38