Explanation of the Role of Urban Network in the Spatial Balance; A Case Study of Khorasane-Razavi

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
Z. Ahmadypoor
N. Khanderou
Political Geography Department, Humanities Faculty
Abstract
Abstract

Aims: Affected by natural and human phenomena, the spatial order forms the urban network. In a balanced urban system, due to hierarchical functions and activities in different cities, and fair provision of services to the existing population, there are hierarchical links between cities. The aim of this study was to investigate the urban network based on functional analysis and factors affecting the urban network deformation in Khorasan Razavi province.

Instruments and Methods: Using survey research method, the present descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2015 among 118 experts of the provincial government, Road and Urban Development Office of Khorasan Razavi province, Governorate, Municipalities, University Jihad of Ferdowsi University, Geography professors of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, and mayors of Khorasan Razavi province; In this study, convenience sampling method was used. The research tool was researcher made questionnaire. Factors affecting spatial imbalance were evaluated through structural equation modeling and confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis, using SPSS 22 and Lisrel 8.52 software.

Findings: Economic, infrastructural, and political factors had the greatest effect on spatial imbalance with factor loading of 0.77, 0.75, and 0.75, respectively.

Conclusion: Mashhad is at the highest and Bajgiran is at the lowest level in terms of development factors. Among the factors influencing the spatial imbalance, the changes in the country's division in the provincal level (change village to city), centralized system governance, the lack of attention to the role of the middle cities in division of labor (political factors), the focus of activities in metropolises, disproportionate allocation of credits at the provincial level, the focus of roles in Mashhad (economic factors), and the focus of superior educational and health-care services (infrastructural factors) have a more effective role.

Keywords

Subjects

1- Zhen F, Wang X, Yin J, Zhang M. An empirical study on Chinese city network pattern based on producer services. Chin Geogr Sci. 2013,23(3):274-85.
2- Taghvaei M, Rezaei M. Geographic analysis on the urban network of Ilam province with an emphasis on the role of small cities. J Geogr Plan. 2010;15(32):65-93. [Persian]
3- Nastaran M, Abolhassani F, Izadi M. Analyzing urban hierarchy in cities over 100,000 People. Amayesh J. 2010;11:157-74. [Persian]
4- HekmatNiya H, Mousavi MN. Application of the model in geography with emphasis on urban and regional planning. Yazd: Elm-e Novin. 2013. [Persian]
5- Adam B. Medium-sized cities in urban regions. Eur Plan Stud, 2006;14(4):547-55.
6- Omidvar K, Piranvandzadeh M, Rostam Gourani E. Urban analysis and spatial distribution of population in urban centers of Hormozgan province. Q Geogr J Chashmandaz-e-Zagros. 2009;1(2):109-32. [Persian]
7- Hesamiyan F, Etemad G, Haeri MR. Urbanization in Iran. 7th Edition. Tehran: Agah; 2009. [Persian]
8- EbrahimZadeh I, Negahban Marvi M. An analysis of urbanization and the status of new cities in Iran. Geogr Res. 2004;19(4):152-72. [Persian]
9- Fanni Z. Cities and urbanization in Iran after the Islamic revolution. Cities. 2006;23(6):407-11.
10- Taleaia M, Sliuzas R, Flacke J. An integrated framework to evaluate the equity of urban public facilities using spatial multi-criteria analysis. Cities. 2014;40(Part A):56–69.
11- Tabrizi J, Ghasemi A, Moazen S. Spatial imbalance of economic and social services in the cities of Zanjan province. Res Urban Plan. 2013;4(13):19-34. [Persian]
12- Rahnama MR, Aghajani H. Analysis of spatial inequalities in Razavi Khorasan province. J Spat Plan. 2012;16(1):63-87. [Persian]
13- Zivyar P, Faraji Molaei A. Regional planning and urban network equilibrium in Iran. Q Geogr. 2012;2(2):177-93. [Persian]
14- ParsiPour H, Razaviyan MT. An analysis of networking system under new areas divided in Khorasan Province. 2012;2(6):43-55. [Persian]
15- Jadidi MiyanDashti M. The balanced distribution of financial resources by the leveling of regional development. Econ Res. 2004;4(11-12):107-32. [Persian]
16- Farid Y. Geography and urbanism. Tabriz: Tabriz Universty; 1989. [Persian]
17- Hardoy JE, Satterthwaite D. Why Small and Intermediate Urban Centers?. In: Hardoy JE, Satterthwaite D, editors. Small and Intermediate Urban Centres: Their Role in Regional and National Development in the Third World. Hodder and Stoughton; 1986. pp. 1-17.
18- Ziyari KA. Schools, theories and models of planning and regional planning. 3rd Edition. Tehran: Tehran University Press; 2009. [Persian]
19- HajiPour Kh, Zebardast E. Analysis and presentation of a model for the urban system of Khuzestan province. Honar-ha-ye-Ziba. 2005;23(23):5-14. [Persian]
20- DadashPour H, Molavi J. Investigation and analysis of urban hierarchy structure in Ardebil province. Geogr Space. 2011;11(34):102-31. [Persian]
21- Javan J, Abadollahi A. Spatial justice in urban dual spaces (geopolitical explanation of the inequality patterns in the metropolitan area). Geopolitics. 1999;4(2):131-56. [Persian]
22- Meshkini A, Lotfi S, Ahmadi F. Investigating urban management in creating a spatial imbalance among urban districts (a case study of Qaemshahr). J Spat Plan. 2014;18(2):153-74. [Persian]
23- Martínez J. The use of GIS and indicators to monitor intra-urban inequalities: A case study in Rosario, Argentina. Habitat Int. 2009;33(4):387-96.
24- Pilehvar A, Attaei S, Zarei A. Study of effect of spatial interaction on spatial balance using space syntax technique in the urban structure of Bojnourd. Hum Geogr Res Q. 2012;44(79):87-102. [Persian]
25- Papoli Yazdi MH. The theory of urban and surrounding. Tehran: Samt; 2003. [Persian]
26- Ghaderi Hajat M, Hafeznia MR, Ahmadi pour Z, ‎Roknodin Eftekhari AR. Designing a model for ‎measuring spatial justice in countries, Case study: Iran . ‎‎[Dissertation]. Tehran: Tarbiat Modarres University; ‎‎2014 [Persian].‎
27- Statistical Center of Iran. Detailed results of the general population and housing census, 1956-2011 [Internet]. Tehran: Statistical Center of Iran; Unknown year [2016 Sep 14]. [Persian]
28- Sarmad Z, Bazargan A, Hejazi E. Research method in behavioral sciences. 1st Edition. Tehran: Agah; 1997.

Links
1- https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11769-013-0595-8
2- http://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=147051
3- http://www.magiran.com/view.asp?Type=pdf&ID=901947&l=fa
4- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=792121&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
5- http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09654310500421220?journalCode=ceps20
6- http://www.sid.ir/Fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=117980
7- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=1205223&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
8- http://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=29156
9- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264275106000746
10- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264275114000523
11- http://jupm.miau.ac.ir/
12- http://hsmsp-old.modares.ac.ir/article_3229.html
13- http://www.sid.ir/Fa/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=173886
14- http://nebeek.com/documents/reader?id=CB48f0Ep9Wlv&pg=fc
15- http://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=18624
16- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=516137&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
17- https://books.google.com/books?id=zCtHAAAAYAAJ&dq=Small+and+Intermediate+Urban+Centers;+Their+Role+in+National+and+Regional+Development+in+the+Third+World&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOiJ-zh8bbAhXIOSwKHQfvBtsQ6AEIKjAB
18- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=1758866&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
19- https://jhz.ut.ac.ir/article_10709_13d5b2e49fbe46747b680e9a6dd8f065.pdf
20- http://www.magiran.com/view.asp?Type=pdf&ID=882155&l=fa
21- https://goo.gl/nGD9e4
22- http://hsmsp-old.modares.ac.ir/article_11159.html
23- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397508000933
24- https://jhgr.ut.ac.ir/article_24527.html
25- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/search/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&id=703860&pageStatus=2&sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author
26- https://ganj-old.irandoc.ac.ir/articles/788124
27- Link Not Found
28- http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/bibliographic/555496
Political Organizing of Space
Volume 1, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
December 2018
Pages 11-21