Identifying and Analyzing the Capabilities of Blockchain Technology in Governance: An Approach Toward Good Governance in Iran

Blockchain technology offers significant potential to improve good governance by enhancing transparency, accountability, efficiency, and security. Despite increasing global adoption, its institutional application in Iran remains underexplored. This study examines blockchain capabilities and the requirements for strengthening good governance in Iran.
Methodology: This study employed an exploratory mixed-methods approach. The qualitative phase included a systematic review of studies published between 2015 and 2024 and semi-structured interviews with 12 academic and executive experts. The quantitative phase validated the conceptual model using a 41-item questionnaire and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Results and Discussion: Four key dimensions of blockchain capabilities were identified: transparency, accountability, efficiency, and security. All dimensions significantly influenced good governance (p < 0.01), with security demonstrating the strongest effect. Blockchain improves transparency through immutable records, accountability through traceable transactions, efficiency by reducing intermediaries and costs, and security through cryptographic protection. However, successful implementation requires appropriate digital infrastructure, legal frameworks, and institutional readiness.
Conclusion: Blockchain can significantly strengthen good governance in Iran but requires a gradual, institution-oriented implementation strategy. Developing regulatory frameworks, investing in digital infrastructure, and initiating pilot projects are recommended to facilitate successful adoption and sustainable digital governance