نقش توسعه سواحل مکران و راهبرد دریا گرایی ایران بر توسعه محور شرق کشور

نوع مقاله : مروری سیستماتیک

نویسندگان
محمدرضا حافظ نیا 1
اسماعیل علمدار 2
داود رضایی سکه روانی 2
1 استاد جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، ایران
2 گروه جغرافیای سیاسی دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران
چکیده
اهمیت دریا و نقش آن در اقتصاد و سیاست دنیا غیرقابل انکار و توجه به آن نیز ضروری می‌باشد. تاریخ سیاسی جهان گواهی می‌دهد که کشورهایی که راهبرد دریاگرایی داشته‌اند؛ قدرتمند و توسعه­یافته شده‌اند. کشور ایران به دلیل برخورداری از سواحل طولانی در خلیج فارس و دریای عمان/ اقیانوس هند از موقعیت جغرافیای ممتازی نسبت به سایر همسایگانش برخوردار است. از سویی دیگر متاسفانه مناطق شرق و جنوب شرقی ایران به دلیل انزوای جغرافیایی همواره مورد بی‌توجهی در سیاست‌های کلان ملی قرار گرفته است. بدین منظور یکی از بهترین راهبردهای آمایشی پیشرو برای توسعه و امنیت در این منطقه، اتصال نواحی شرقی به بندر چابهارو سواحل مکران می‌باشد. این پژوهش سعی دارد با روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و با تکیه بر منابع کتابخانه‌ای به واکاوی نقش سواحل مکران و سیاست راهبردی دریاگرایی ایران بر توسعه محور شرقی بپردازد. بررسی‌های اولیه نشان می‌دهند که در صورت اتخاذ راهبرد دریایی توسط دولت جمهوری اسلامی، ایران شاهد فرآوری مزیت‌های ژئوپلیتیکی، ژئواکونومیکی و ژئواستراتژیکی آن برای کشور خواهدبود. با تحقق سیاست دریاگرایی، منطقه مکران به‌ عنوان محور ترانزیتی توسعه جنوب شرق مطرح می‌شود. درصورت مغفول ماندن راهبرد دریاگرایی مبتنی بر ظرفیت اقیانوسی جنوب شرق ایران، سایر بازیگران منطقه‌ای اقیانوس هند از این پتانسیل استفاده خواهند کرد. لذا پیشنهاد می‌شود با نگاهی واقع‌بینانه و عملیاتی به سیاست دریاگرایی بیش از پیش توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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